13 SEP 2016 KALKI DWADASHI
Brihaspati Puja » Kalki
Kalki Avatar
Kalki is the final incarnation of Lord Vishnu. He is believed to appear at the end of Kali Yuga, the current age. Puranas foretells that Kalki will be on a winged white horse and a radiating sword. It is supposed that the origin of Kalki will be in India near River Ganges.
The name Kalki is a metaphor for eternity. His name translates to the destroyer of darkness ignorance. According to the prophetic work of the KalkiPuarana which narrates the life and times of Kalki there will come a time when the practices taught in the Vedas and institutes of law will be finished. At the end of the Kala Yuga age, Lord Vishnu will descend upon earth. He will be born in the family of a well-known Brahman of Shambhala Village, as Kalki.
Kalki will be endowed with eight divine faculties. With his enticing strength and power, he will destroy all the barbarians and all those with evil minds. He will restore justice on earth and humans will awaken to enlightenment. Kalki’s incarnation will bring an end to Kala Yuga and there will be resurgence of a new Yuga. After the destruction of evil, peace will be restored in the new age, which will be as pure as Satya Yuga. Earth will be full of heavenly beings and there will be no sin deeds. It will be a Holy place.
In Hinduism, Kalki (Devanagari:कल्कि; lit. destroyer of filth) is the tenth and final avatar of the god Vishnu in the current Mahayuga, foretold to appear at the end of Kali Yuga, the current epoch. ThePurana scriptures foretell that Kalki will be atop a white horse with a drawn blazing sword. He is the harbinger of the end time in Hindu eschatology, after which he will usher in Satya Yuga.
In Buddhist Kalachakra tradition, 25 rulers of theShambhala Kingdom held the title of Kalki,Kulika or Kalki-king.[1] During Vaishakha, the first fortnight in Shukla Paksha is dedicated to fifteen deities, with each day for a different god. In this tradition, the twelfth day is Vaishakha Dwadashi and is dedicated to Madhava, another name for Kalki.
Etymology
The name Kalki is a metaphor for eternity or time. Its origins may lie in the Sanskritword kalka which means foulness or filth. Hence, the name translates to the "destroyer of foulness", "destroyer of darkness", or "destroyer of ignorance".[2]Another etymology from Sanskrit is "white horse".[3]
Maha Avatara
There are numerous interpretations of Vedic tradition. Avatara means "descent" and refers to a descent of the divine into the material realm in the Avatari's self same form. The Garuda Purana lists ten avatars, with Kalki being the tenth.[4] TheBhagavata Purana initially lists twenty-two avatars, but mentions an additional three for a total of twenty-five. He is presented as the twenty-second avatar on that list. Popular images depict him riding a white horse with wings, known as 'Devadatta' or God given. In these images, Kalki is brandishing a brilliant sword in his left hand, eradicating the decadence of Kali Yuga. Lord Kalki will remove the darkness of kali yuga and establish a new yuga (age) called Satya yuga (Age of Truth) on the earth. Satya yuga is also known as Krita yuga. Similarly, as per the characteristics of the next cycle of four yugas, the next satya yuga will be known as Panchoratha Yuga.
Puranas
One of the earliest mentions of Kalki is in the Vishnu Purana, dated to after theGupta Empire.[5] The Agni Purana, one of the earliest Puranas to describe Buddha as an avatar, also describes Kalki and the end time. It draws heavily upon the Vishnu Purana in content. The Kalki Purana, a minor scripture by comparison, has the most detailed descriptions of Kalki.
Birth
As written in the Kalki Purana:
Literal translation:
शम्भल ग्राम मुख्यस्य ब्राह्मणस्य महात्मनः। भवने विष्णुयशसः कल्किः प्रादुर्भविष्यति॥ Srimad Bhagavatha Maha Purana – 12:2:18
शम्भल ग्राम मुख्यस्य ब्राह्मणस्य महात्मनः। शम्भु Shambhu (Shiv Shambhu Bhola) + ल or ले (of) + ग्राम Grama (Community/Village) + मुख्यस्य Mukhyasya (Principally) + ब्राह्मणस्य Brahmanasya (of the Brahmins) + महात्मनः Maha Atman (Great Souls) The Chief Holy Brahmin (Priest) of the Village - 'Shambhal'.भवने विष्णुयशसः कल्किः प्रादुर्भविष्यति।। भवने Bhavanê (At the home of) + विष्णु Vishnu + यशसः Yáśas (Worthy) + कल्क Kalk ( Mud or Sediment) + इ i (to arise from, come from) + प्रादुर् Prādúr (Arise/Born) भविष्यति Bhavishyati (In the future)In the future at the home of the aforementioned - Vishnuyashasa, 'Destroyer of Evil' will arise/be born. This points to a name equivalent to mud or sediment born.द्वादश्यां शुक्ल-पक्षस्य माधवे मासि माधवम्। जातं ददृशतुः पुत्रं पितरौ हृष्ट-मानसौ।। (1:2:15 Kalki Purna)
द्वादश्यां - द्वा dvA (two) + दश्यां dashya (tens/10's) meaning 12 शुक्ल-पक्षस्य - शुक्ल Shukla (bright) + पक्षस्य(pakshaya) parts (the first part of the moon cycle) + माधवे madhva is hindu month of Chaitra (First day of Chaitra is when Lord Brahma created the universe, Hindu new year starts) March/April + मासि masi (month of) + माधवम् Lord Krishna (as Kalki) arrived. जातं ददृशतुः पुत्रं पितरौ हृष्ट-मानसौ।। जातं jatam (born - brought into existence) + ददृशतुः dadastu (then) + पुत्रं putram (a son) + पितरौ pitarau (parents [were]) + हृष्ट hrshta (thrilling with rapture, rejoiced, pleased, glad, merry) + मानसौ manasau (mental feeling). or12th of the first part of the moon cycle in the month of Chaitra (March/April, Hindu new year) Lord Krishna (as Kalki) arrived then the father was overwhelmed by the son being born This also points to the sun sign of Aries. In Chaitra month, the fifteen days in Shukla paksha (first fortnight / first half of the month) are dedicated to fifteen gods or deities. Each day of the Chaitra month is dedicated to a different god. The 12th day (Chaitra Dwadashi) is dedicated to Lord Sri Maha Vishnu.
There is a description of his background in other sources of scripture. TheKalachakra tantra, first taught by Buddha to Dharmaraja Suchandra of Shambhala, also describes his background:
Lord Kalki will appear in the home of the most eminent brahmana of Shambhala village, the great souls Vishnuyasha and his wife, the pure of thought Sumati.— Srimad-Bhagavatam Bhag.12.2.18
Vishnuyasha refers to the father of Kalki as a devotee of Vishnu while Sumati refers to His mother in Shambhala. Also it is written in Kalki Purana that he will have four brothers who are Sumanta, Prajna and Kavi.
The Agni Purana predicts that at the time of his birth, evil kings will feed on the pious. Kalki will be born son of Vishnuyasha in the mythic Shambhala. He will haveYajnavalkya as his spiritual guru.
Parashurama, the sixth avatar of Vishnu is a Chiranjivi (immortal) and in scripture is believed to be alive, waiting for the return of Kalki. He will be a martial preceptor of Kalki, teaching him military science, warfare arts and instructing him in the performance of a severe penance in order to receive celestial weaponry.[6] [7] [8] The purana also relates that Hari, will then give up the form of Kalki, return to heaven and the Krita or Satya Yuga will return as before.[9]
The Vishnu Purana also explains:
When the practices taught in the Vedas and institutes of law have nearly ceased, and the close of the Kali age shall be nigh, a portion of that divine being who exists of His own spiritual nature, and who is the beginning and end, and who comprehends all things, shall descend upon earth. He will be born in the family of Vishnuyasha, an eminent brahmana of Shambhala village, as Kalki, endowed with eight superhuman faculties, when the eight suns (represented by 8 solar deities or Vasu who lord over Dhanishta Nakshatra) will together shine over the sky. By His irresistible might he will destroy all the mlecchas (Barbarians) and thieves, and all whose minds are devoted to iniquity. He will reestablish righteousness upon earth, and the minds of those who live at the end of the Kali age shall be awakened, and shall be as clear as crystal. The men who are thus changed by virtue of that peculiar time shall be as the seeds of human beings, and shall give birth to a race who will follow the laws of the Krita age or Satya Yuga, the age of purity. As it is said, 'When the sun and moon, and the lunar asterism Tishya, and the planet Jupiter, are in one mansion, the Krita age shall return.— Vishnu Purana, Book Four, Chapter 24
The Padma Purana describes that Kalki will end the age of Kali and kill all mlecchas. He will gather all brahmanas and propound the highest truth, bringing back the ways of dharma that have been lost, and removing the prolonged hunger of theBrahmin. Kalki will defy oppression and be a banner of victory for the world.[10]
The Bhagavata Purana states
At the end of Kali Yuga, when there exist no topics on the subject of God, even at the residences of so-called saints and respectable gentlemen, and when the power of government is transferred to the hands of ministers elected from the evil men, and when nothing is known of the techniques of sacrifice, even by word, at that time the Lord will appear as the supreme chastiser.— Bhagavata Purana, 2.7.38
It goes on to foretell his arrival:
The ascetic prince, Lord Kalki, the Lord of the Universe, will mount His swift white horse Devadatta and, sword in hand, travel over the earth exhibiting His eight mystic opulences and eight special qualities of Godhead. Displaying His unequaled effulgence and riding with great speed, He will kill the millions of those thieves who have dared dress as kings.— Bhagavata Purana, 12.2.19-20
The Kalki Purana combines elements of earlier scriptures to describe Kalki. He will have the power to change the course of the stream of time and restore the path of the righteous. The evil demon Kali will spring from the back of Brahma and descend to earth and cause dharma to be forgotten and society to decay. When man stops offering yagna, Vishnu will then descend a final time to save the steadfast. He will be reborn as Kalki to a Brahmin family in the city of Shambhala.
Followers of Tibetan Buddhism have preserved the Kalachakra Tantra in which "Kalkin" is a title of 25 rulers in the mystical realm of Shambhala. This tantra mirrors a number of prophecies of the Puranas.
Kalki Avatar according to Sikhism
Guru Gobind Singh in his literary work uses several mythical characters from Hinduism texts, though he completely rejects such Gods and Goddesses. Kalki was described by GuruGobind Singh in Sri Dasam Granth and forming a part of the Chaubis Avtar. Kalki is also mentioned in the oral traditions of Guru Gobind Singh known as the sau sakhis, and possibly the Sarbloh Granth. Guru Gobind Singh translates the version found in Vishnu Purana, that the Kalki is an avatar of Vishnu and that Kalki would return in Kali Yuga on horseback with sword, manifesting himself at the village Sambhal and sounding his trumpet before fighting the wicked.
Gobind Singh translating the Purana version writes in the Sri Dasam Granth:
When there is incest, adultery, atheism, hatred of religion, no more dharma, and sin everywhere, the impossible Iron Age has come; in what way the world will be saved? For the helpless, Vishnu himself will manifest as the Supreme Purusha. He will be called the Kalki incarnation and will be glorious like a lion coming down from heaven.
Sikhism does not believe in any God like Vishnu or his incarnations like Rama, Krishna or Kalki as is clear from Guru Gobind Singh's following verse:
ਮੈ ਨ ਗਨੇਸ਼ਹਿ ਪ੍ਰਿਥਮ ਮਨਾਊਂ ॥ ਕਿਸ਼ਨ ਬਿਸ਼ਨ ਕਬਹੂੰ ਨਹ ਧਿਆਊਂ ॥ਕਾਨ ਸੁਨੇ ਪਹਿਚਾਨ ਨ ਤਿਨ ਸੋਂ ॥ ਲਿਵ ਲਾਗੀ ਮੋਰੀ ਪਗ ਇਨ ਸੋਂ ॥੪੩੪॥
मै न गनेशहि प्रिथम मनाऊं ॥ किशन बिशन कबहूं नह धिआऊं ॥कान सुने पहिचान न तिन सों ॥ लिव लागी मोरी पग इन सों ॥४३४॥
I do not adore Ganesha in the beginning and also do not meditate on Krishna and Vishnu; I have only heard about them with my ears and I do not recognise them; my consciousness is absorbed at the feet of the Supreme Kal (Lord God) 434 (Sri Dasam Granth).[11]
Padma
Padma will be the consort of the avatar, as written in the Kalki Purana.[12] The beloved of Kalki who is incarnation of Lakshmi lives at द्वीप dwīpa (island) सिंहले Simhalē (सिंह simha (Lion) + ले lē(of))= "the island of the lion"(1:3:9). Lion City island.
Lord Shiva said to Padmavati that you will receive Lord Narayana as your husband. Anyone (human, god, demon, etc.) who desires a conjugal relationship with you will immediately be transformed into a woman, regardless of age. This curse is not applicable to Lord Hari, who is your only husband.[13]
Predictions about his birth and time of arrival
Modern scholars have attempted to link recent history to Kalki. Given the traditional account of the Kali Yuga, which will last 432,000 years, and began in 3102 BCE,[14] [15]scholar such as Sri Yukteswar Giri have claimed there are smaller cycles within the larger 432,000 year revolution.[16] [17]
Origin of Kalki
It is believed that the origin of Kalki will be in India on banks of river Ganges.
Astrology
Kalki can only be the one whose Birthday/Tithi falls on Dvadasi of Sukla Paksha. This amounts to just 12 days per any given year furthermore as it can only be the day of the Lord Sri Maha Vishnu (Chaitra Dwadashi) this amounts to just one day each year or 100 days in the last century.
South Indian astrologers have analyzed Puranas extensively to try and foretell the time of birth of Kalki. The signs described in the Kalki Purana are as follows:
- The moon will be in Dhanishtha nakshatra, Aquarius, suggesting he will be wealthy, acclaimed and swift in action and thought.
- The sun will be in Swati, the nakshatra of the sword.
- Jupiter will be in Purva Ashadha nakshatra, Sagittarius.
- The Ascendant Lord will be in Purva Ashadha nakshatra, also Sagittarius, suggesting invincibility and early victory.
- Saturn will be exalted in Libra, predicting a balance between justice and the sword.
- Ketu, lord of horse-headed Ashwini, will be exalted in Scorpio, suggesting he will descend atop a great white steed.
The Puranas describe the date as twenty-one fortnights from the birth of Krishna, which itself falls on Janmashtami in August. This would put his descent at Vaishakha, between April and May. At this time, the father of Kalki is foretold to be overwhelmed by the incarnation of Godhead that he sees as his son. This places Kalki under the sun sign of Aries or Taurus.
The Bhavishya Purana foretells:
The Savior of the entire universe, Maha Vishnu will be born on Margashirsha Month, Krishna Ashtami 8th day after the full-moon day.— Bhavishya Purana, Canto IV, Chapter 23, Text 15
There have been a range of dates predicted, purportedly from different methods of calculation.[18] Sri Potuluri Virabrahmendra Swami, for example, wrote 400 years ago in his Divya Maha Kala Gnana, or 'Divine Knowledge of the Time,' that Kalki would arrive when the moon, sun, Venus and Jupiter entered the same sign. This is not a rare occurrence and last happened in early 2012, passing without event.[19] The time of arrival of Kalki has not been consistently asserted by astrologers.[18]
People who have claimed to be Kalki
- Members of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community believe their founder, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, to be the Kalki Avatar.[20]
- Members of the Bahá'í Faith have interpreted the prophecies of end time as references to the arrival of their founder Bahá'u'lláh, which has helped growth of the Bahá'í faith in India.[21] [22] [23]
- By some members of the Ahmadiya Muslim Community, Kalki Avatar is believed to be the Islamic Prophet Muhammad; some of the Muslim scholars and a few of the Hindu scholars[24] [25] also argued that kalki is mentioned indicating Muhammad in some Hindu scriptures.[25] [26] However, most of the Hindu scholars widely discarded it as a false theory, claiming that Kalki is supposed to arrive at the end of Kali Yuga, not in the beginning.
See also
Kalki Purana
The Kalki Purana (Sanskrit:कल्कि पुराण Kalki purāṇa) is a prophetic work in Sanskrit that details the life and times of Kalki, the tenth and final of theDashavatara (the ten Avatars) of the Hindu deity Lord Vishnu. The narrative is set in near the end of the Kali Yuga or Dark Age, as revealed by the storyteller Suta.
The extant text comprises three aṃśas (sections) consisting 7, 7 and 21 chapters respectively.[1] Although it is considered anUpapurana or 'Lesser Purana', it is derived from passages taken directly from the 18 'Major'Puranas, including the Vishnu Purana and the Bhagavata Purana ascribed to Vyasa. It is believed that the Kalki Purana existed prior to the 16th century CE as parts of it were referenced to in the Avadhi.
Significance
As a prophetic work, the Kalki Purana writes details about events believed by Hindus to occur in the future. The work is essentially a derivation of passages collected from various Puranas describing the same subject. The work primarily describes the onset and exponential increase of evil and sin on the earth during theKali Yuga, and the life of Kalki, who is said to bring an end to the darkness of the Kali Yuga, destroying evil and sin, and beginning a new yuga (age) of sinlessness and peace known as the Satya Yuga.
Events Depicted in the Kalki Purana
Kali Yuga
Chronologically Krishna is described as the eighth Avatar of Lord Vishnu. This happens in Dvapara Yuga. According to Kalki Purana, Kali demon will rule the earth and bring sin and misery to the people. When the first stage of the Kali Yuga begins, the varna system will deteriorate. Soon after this, the second, third, and fourth stages of the Kali Yuga begin. During the second and third portions, men will forget the name of God and no longer offer Yagna to the Devas. During the fourth portion, Canibalism will be virtually universal among the humans. To solve this problem the pious Devas will gather before Brahma for a solution. Near the end of this yuga, the Devas will then journey to Vaikunta to seek help from Lord Vishnu. Lord Vishnu will then descend to Earth to end the Kali Yuga.
Life on Earth
Sri Kalki will be an avatar of Lord Vishnu the supremeParabrahman. He will marry his eternal consortLakshmi who is the Heavenly mother. He will then undertake the mission to complete the end ofKaliyuga and rid the world of all wicked kings and false prophets, evil people and to usher in the age of Satyuga.
Destruction of Evil
One of the main reasons Lord Vishnu would come to earth as Kalki is to destroy and defeat evil forces on earth. He would begin this with the battle, and eventual massacre, of the Sunyavadis, who have misled the people, at the city of Keekatpur. A war would later begin with the dark forces of Kali, including the demon generals Koka and Vikokafighting against Kalki and the Devas. Koka and Vikoka would then be killed by Kalki. Thus, Kali will be defeated at the hands of Dharma, the personification of the Satya Yuga which is evil's polar opposite. Finally, Kalki will be challenged by, and intentionally accept defeat from, RajaShashidhwaja,[2] and marry the Raja's daughter, his second wife Rama, before the start of the Satya Yuga.
Satya Yuga
After the defeat and destruction of evil on earth, the Satya Yuga begins after having golden age during 300 b.c. to woo a.d kalki will bring golden age. Kalki will divide the earth into earthly kingdoms among his generals, then perform theAshwamedha and Rajasuya sacrifices for theDevas. Sumati and Vishnuyasha, his parents, will then travel to the holy place of Badrikashram, where they will live until their death. Having finished his mission of restoring peace, Kalki will appear as Vishnu in hisfour-armed form, and return to Vaikuntha After the siring of Kalki's other sons Meghamaal and Balahaka, Kalki will reign on earth for 1,000 years as the king ofShambhala.
Notes
- Rocher, Ludo (1986). "The Purāṇas". In Jan Gonda (ed.). A History of Indian Literature. Vol.II, Epics and Sanskrit religious literature, Fasc.3. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 183. ISBN 3-447-02522-0.
- . Raja Shashidhwaja, a great devotee of Vishnu, has been granted a boon by Lord Vishnu of defeating Kalki on the battlefield.
Sources
- himanshu aneria, Kalki Purana, Fusion Books (1969) ISBN 81-288-0588-6
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kalki. |
See also
- Ramayana
- Mahabharat
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